Pages 232 to 237 Review

📚 Instructions

Complete this comprehensive review covering political developments, economic challenges, international relations, and Canada's emergence as a middle power during the Trudeau era. You'll receive personalized feedback and remediation based on your responses. Click "Submit Review" when finished to see your results and areas for improvement.

📝 Section A: Multiple Choice Questions

1. What was Pierre Elliott Trudeau's vision for Canada?

A bilingual society focused primarily on Quebec's needs

A "just society" for all Canadians with protection of rights and freedoms

A society where French would become the dominant language

A country divided into separate French and English regions

2. In 1970, Trudeau's recognition of Communist China demonstrated:

Complete alignment with U.S. foreign policy

Canada's desire for independent foreign policy less dependent on U.S. approval

Support for communist ideology

Abandonment of Western alliance commitments

3. Trudeau's famous "sleeping with an elephant" metaphor referred to:

The challenge of living next to the powerful United States

Canada's relationship with the Soviet Union

The size difference between provinces

Economic dependence on natural resources

4. The 1973 oil crisis was primarily caused by:

Canadian government energy policies

OPEC's oil embargo against Western countries supporting Israel

Depletion of Canadian oil reserves

Environmental regulations limiting oil production

5. CIDA (Canadian International Development Agency) was created to:

Manage Canada's military alliances

Bridge the North-South gap through foreign aid to developing countries

Coordinate Arctic sovereignty claims

Regulate foreign investment in Canada

6. During the Cuban Missile Crisis, Prime Minister Diefenbaker:

Immediately supported all U.S. military actions

Preferred UN fact-finding and was reluctant to put NORAD forces on alert

Declared war on Cuba alongside the United States

Withdrew Canada from NORAD completely

7. The Arctic Waters Pollution Prevention Act was passed in response to:

The Manhattan oil tanker's journey through the Northwest Passage

Soviet submarine activity in Arctic waters

Climate change concerns

International fishing disputes

8. Trudeau's nuclear disarmament efforts included:

Withdrawing from NATO and NORAD completely

Removing nuclear missiles from NATO forces and dismantling Bomarc sites

Increasing Canada's nuclear weapons stockpile

Developing Canada's own nuclear weapons program

9. During the Vietnam War, Canada's response included:

Sending combat troops to support South Vietnam

Accepting American draft resisters and trying to remain neutral

Actively supporting North Vietnam

Completely severing ties with the United States

10. Western alienation during the 1970s was intensified by:

Federal caps on domestic oil prices and export taxes on Western oil

Increased transfer payments to Atlantic provinces

Environmental regulations on resource extraction

Language requirements in federal employment

11. What percentage of Quebecois voted "yes" in the 1980 sovereignty-association referendum?

60%

50%

40%

30%

12. Canada's "tied aid" policy meant that:

Aid was linked to military cooperation agreements

Recipients had to agree to use aid money to buy Canadian products

Aid was conditional on democratic reforms

Aid was provided only to Commonwealth countries

✅ Section B: True or False Questions

13. Oil prices increased approximately 400% following the 1973 OPEC embargo.

True

False

14. During the Cuban Missile Crisis, 80% of Canadians supported Diefenbaker's approach.

True

False

15. Canada extended its territorial limit from 3 to 12 miles offshore to protect Arctic sovereignty.

True

False

16. Canada sent combat troops to fight in the Vietnam War.

True

False

17. Trudeau reduced Canada's NATO contingent in Europe to half its former strength.

True

False

18. Television coverage of the Vietnam War helped turn American public opinion against the conflict.

True

False

19. By 1978, the average Canadian family's buying power had increased for the first time since WWII.

True

False

20. Canada participated in the 1980 Olympic boycott to protest Soviet occupation of Afghanistan.

True

False

🔗 Section C: Matching Exercise

Instructions: Match each concept/event with its correct description. Click on items to select them, then click on their match.

Concepts/Events

CIDA

SS Manhattan

Recognition of China 1970

Sleeping with an elephant

SALT I Treaty

Arctic Waters Pollution Prevention Act

Tied aid

Law of the Sea Convention

CF-18 Hornet

North-South gap

Descriptions

Canadian International Development Agency

Oil tanker that challenged Canadian Arctic sovereignty

Demonstrated Canadian foreign policy independence

Trudeau's metaphor for living next to the U.S.

Strategic Arms Limitation agreement between superpowers

Created 100-mile pollution-free zone in Canadian Arctic

Aid recipients must buy Canadian products

International agreement on ocean protection

Fighter jet armed with conventional warheads

Economic gap between rich and poor nations

💭 Section D: Short Answer Critical Thinking Questions

21. Analyze Trudeau's strategy of positioning Canada as a "middle power" to bridge East-West and North-South gaps. How effective was this approach in practice?

22. Evaluate the significance of Canada's recognition of Communist China in 1970. How did this decision reflect Trudeau's foreign policy goals?

23. Assess the impact of the Manhattan incident on Canadian Arctic sovereignty policy. How did Canada's response demonstrate both independence and pragmatism?

24. Compare Canada's nuclear disarmament efforts under Trudeau with its continued participation in NATO and NORAD. How did Canada balance independence with alliance obligations?

25. Analyze how the 1973 oil crisis affected different aspects of Canadian society: economic conditions, regional tensions, and international relations. Which impact was most significant?

26. Evaluate whether Trudeau's "trade and aid" policy through CIDA effectively served both humanitarian goals and Canadian economic interests. Was this approach ethically sound?

27. Predict how Canada's international reputation and relationships might have developed differently if Trudeau had not pursued independent foreign policy initiatives. Consider both benefits and costs of his approach.

🍁 Canadian History Review Activity

📚 Instructions

📝 Section A: Multiple Choice Questions

1. What was Pierre Elliott Trudeau's vision for Canada?

2. In 1970, Trudeau's recognition of Communist China demonstrated:

3. Trudeau's famous "sleeping with an elephant" metaphor referred to:

4. The 1973 oil crisis was primarily caused by:

5. CIDA (Canadian International Development Agency) was created to:

6. During the Cuban Missile Crisis, Prime Minister Diefenbaker:

7. The Arctic Waters Pollution Prevention Act was passed in response to:

8. Trudeau's nuclear disarmament efforts included:

9. During the Vietnam War, Canada's response included:

10. Western alienation during the 1970s was intensified by:

11. What percentage of Quebecois voted "yes" in the 1980 sovereignty-association referendum?

12. Canada's "tied aid" policy meant that:

✅ Section B: True or False Questions

13. Oil prices increased approximately 400% following the 1973 OPEC embargo.

14. During the Cuban Missile Crisis, 80% of Canadians supported Diefenbaker's approach.

15. Canada extended its territorial limit from 3 to 12 miles offshore to protect Arctic sovereignty.

16. Canada sent combat troops to fight in the Vietnam War.

17. Trudeau reduced Canada's NATO contingent in Europe to half its former strength.

18. Television coverage of the Vietnam War helped turn American public opinion against the conflict.

19. By 1978, the average Canadian family's buying power had increased for the first time since WWII.

20. Canada participated in the 1980 Olympic boycott to protest Soviet occupation of Afghanistan.

🔗 Section C: Matching Exercise

Concepts/Events

Descriptions

💭 Section D: Short Answer Critical Thinking Questions

21. Analyze Trudeau's strategy of positioning Canada as a "middle power" to bridge East-West and North-South gaps. How effective was this approach in practice?

22. Evaluate the significance of Canada's recognition of Communist China in 1970. How did this decision reflect Trudeau's foreign policy goals?

23. Assess the impact of the Manhattan incident on Canadian Arctic sovereignty policy. How did Canada's response demonstrate both independence and pragmatism?

24. Compare Canada's nuclear disarmament efforts under Trudeau with its continued participation in NATO and NORAD. How did Canada balance independence with alliance obligations?

25. Analyze how the 1973 oil crisis affected different aspects of Canadian society: economic conditions, regional tensions, and international relations. Which impact was most significant?

26. Evaluate whether Trudeau's "trade and aid" policy through CIDA effectively served both humanitarian goals and Canadian economic interests. Was this approach ethically sound?

27. Predict how Canada's international reputation and relationships might have developed differently if Trudeau had not pursued independent foreign policy initiatives. Consider both benefits and costs of his approach.